What is ZK-Rollups and why is everyone talking about it? And what is the future of Ethereum scaling? Gal Ron of StarkWare will help answer the question.
Ethereum scaling has been one of the hottest topics in recent months. From the transition of the network to proof-of-stake In September 2022, which is a milestone in this regard. It opens the door to adopting different scaling solutions.
Concepts like zero-knowledge proofs are about to become viable. But for many, these concepts are still novel concepts. So, to help us understand more about the future of Ethereum scaling, Gal Ron – Product Manager and Blockchain Researcher at StarkWare – a company with a focus on this, came out to help.
Problems with Ethereum
First of all, it is important to understand what Ethereum scaling means. This is a process that extends the processing capacity of the network. so that each node can handle higher transaction workloads.
“To meet trust assumptions and trust requirements, all nodes (on Ethereum) must do the same thing. which by definition This will cause a limitation on system throughput, because if we increase the TPS or block size above a certain threshold, It would make nodes that are smaller or have less computational power have trouble joining.”
And basically, this makes Ethereum limited by definition.
StarkWare Approach: What is ZK-Proof?
Ron explained that there are a few options for dealing with the Ethereum limitation issue. StarkWare has taken a different approach to “scaling Ethereum from Ethereum and not creating a new chain.” They do so through StarkNet and StarkEx
StarkNet was described as a “permissionless decentralized validity-rollup Also known as ZK-Rollup”, it operates as an L2 (layer two) network on Ethereum and aims to allow any decentralized application (dApp) to scale infinitely and without compromise. It’s safe because StarkNet relies on a cryptographic proof system called STARK.
“With Ethereum, all nodes have to re-run all transactions, before ZK (zero-knowledge), there was no other way to trust that someone was acting with integrity. But the magic of ZK is creating a new paradigm of trusting other nodes without having to run the calculations they just did over and over again,” said Ron.
Essentially, ZK rollups such as StarkNet significantly reduce the amount of computational work that nodes on Ethereum have to put in. This will increase the throughput of the network.
And all this is done without compromising the security of the core layer. In doing so, StarkWare invented ZK-STARK, which allows the blockchain to move computations to a single off-chain STARK and then verify the integrity of those computations using a STARK Verifier on the network.
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